TIRANA, Albania – Law No. 21/2024 has become one of the most controversial pieces of legislation adopted in Albania in recent years. While Prime Minister Edi Rama has defended his government's vision for tourism and economic development, critics argue that this law fundamentally changes the protection of Albania's most valuable natural areas.
The law, approved in 2024, amended the previous Law No. 81/2017 on Protected Areas. Among other changes, it introduced provisions allowing certain tourism developments—particularly high-end accommodation and related infrastructure—under specific legal conditions within protected areas. The legislation was officially proclaimed by President Bajram Begaj after constitutional review.
Why Has the Law Become So Controversial?
Environmental organizations, legal experts, and opposition figures have argued that the amendments weaken long-standing protections for Albania's national parks and protected landscapes.
Supporters of the government maintain that the law creates opportunities for sustainable investment, luxury tourism, and economic growth while preserving environmental oversight.
Opponents, however, believe the amendments could open the door to large-scale construction projects in areas that were previously considered off-limits.
The debate intensified following proposed tourism developments in protected coastal areas, including the Vjosa-Narta region, which have sparked demonstrations and international attention.
Why Do Critics Say Edi Rama Avoids Mentioning Law No. 21/2024?
Government officials generally speak about tourism investment, economic development, and attracting international investors rather than highlighting the specific legal amendments contained in Law No. 21/2024.
Critics argue that this shifts public attention away from the legislation itself and toward the investment projects that followed.
Supporters of the government reject this criticism, saying the law simply modernizes Albania's framework for protected areas while maintaining environmental safeguards.
The Political Impact
Law No. 21/2024 has become one of the central issues raised by opposition parties, environmental activists, and civil society groups.
Many protesters have called for the repeal of the amendments and the restoration of the previous legal framework established in 2017. They argue that protected areas should remain free from commercial development.
Meanwhile, the government continues to insist that carefully regulated tourism projects can coexist with environmental protection and contribute to Albania's economic future.
Looking Ahead
As Albania continues its European Union accession process, environmental governance and the protection of natural resources remain under close scrutiny.
Whether Law No. 21/2024 will ultimately be amended, repealed, or upheld could have significant implications not only for future investment projects but also for Albania's environmental policy and political landscape.
The debate surrounding the law has evolved beyond a legal discussion—it has become a broader national conversation about development, conservation, transparency, and the future direction of the country.